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UK plant library · vegetable

Cucumber

Cucumis sativus · Cucurbitaceae

Productive greenhouse and outdoor crop

Cucumber

Photo: H. Zell, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Sun
Full sun, warm
Soil
Rich, moisture-retentive
Soil pH
Slightly acid to neutral, pH 6.0-6.5 best; tolerates acid, neutral or alkaline soil
Water
Water frequently; keep moist
Hardiness
Tender, RHS H1C
Height and spread
Climbing or trailing 1-2m or more when trained (ridge types 1-1.5m); bush types are compact

Guv's tipCucumbers need 20°C or more to germinate. Pinch out side shoots and take off male flowers on greenhouse types. Trust me on this one.

Through the year

Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Sow or plant
Harvest

Timings are for the UK as a whole. Northern and exposed gardens often run a couple of weeks later.

When to plant

Sow Feb-Mar in a heated greenhouse or Apr in an unheated one (needs 20°C or more to germinate); outdoor types Apr-May. Plant out after frost, late May-Jun

Harvest or flowering

Harvest Jul-Oct

Pruning

Pinch out side shoots; remove male flowers on greenhouse types

Making more plants

Seed

Watch out for

Pest

Glasshouse red spider mite

Look for: Fine mottling of leaves, fine webbing, leaf yellowing

What to do: Raise humidity, biological control Phytoseiulus persimilis under glass

Pest

Glasshouse whitefly

Look for: Tiny white flying insects under leaves, honeydew and sooty mould

What to do: Yellow sticky traps, biological control Encarsia formosa under glass

Pest

Slugs and snails

Look for: Irregular holes in leaves, slime trails, seedlings eaten

What to do: Hand-pick at night, barriers, beer traps, encourage predators; ferric phosphate pellets sparingly

Disease

Cucumber mosaic virus

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV)

Look for: Mottled, distorted leaves, stunting, poor fruit

What to do: Destroy infected plants, control aphids, resistant cultivars

Disease

Powdery mildew

Various (Erysiphales)

Look for: White powdery coating on leaves

What to do: Water in dry spells, mulch, improve air flow, resistant cultivars

Always read and follow the label on any treatment, and check it is approved for use where you live.

Safety and spread

Pets and people: Non-toxic to dogs, cats and horses, according to the ASPCA. Bitter fruit can be toxic to pets

Weed risk: Not listed as an invasive plant in Great Britain

Checked against two or more reputable gardening sources. How we check our facts

Growing somewhere else? See this plant for the USA and Australia.

Keep it by the back door

The Plant Doctor and the Guv's book

Printable pest and disease charts with real photographs, and all 50 UK plants in one book.

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